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ASML

PublicFounded 1984🇳🇱Veldhoven, NetherlandsCEO Christophe Fouquet

ASML, founded in 1984 as a Philips/ASM International joint venture that built its first machine in a shed in Eindhoven, is the world's dominant supplier of photolithography systems (~83% of the market) and the only company on Earth that makes EUV machines - the $180M-$400M tools without which no leading-edge chip can be manufactured.

Latest update Oct 14, 2026

01

Overview

That monopoly has made the Veldhoven company one of Europe's most valuable tech firms (about $637B as of September 18, 2026, after a mid-year China-competition scare took it down from a ~$693B July peak). 2025 revenue reached €32.7B with a record €13.2B in Q4 bookings and a €38.8B year-end backlog (ASML has since stopped disclosing quarterly bookings), and after twice raising 2026 guidance during the year - most recently at Q2 2026 to €43-45B - CEO Christophe Fouquet says chip demand is outpacing supply, with 65 low-NA EUV systems planned for 2026, rising toward 80-85 in 2027. The next act is High-NA EUV: the first EXE:5000 shipped to Intel in December 2023, the production-grade EXE:5200B arrived at Intel in Q4 2025 for its 14A node (risk production still targeted 2027), and on July 15, 2026 Intel became the first company to ship a high-volume commercial product patterned with High-NA EUV - select layers of its Panther Lake (Core Ultra Series 3, 18A) chips are now dual-qualified for either 0.33 NA or 0.55 NA scanners. On September 8, 2026 Intel Foundry and ASML said more than one million wafers had been processed on High-NA tools across certification, R&D and those Panther Lake layers. Samsung, SK hynix and imec also hold early High-NA systems - 10 EXE tools were running at four customers as of Semicon Taiwan 2026, with three more shipping, at roughly $380M each. The same day TSMC said it intends to use High-NA in high-volume manufacturing for advanced nodes from 2030 and joined ASML in an industry push to 12-inch High-NA photomasks (pilot line 2031, production-ready 2033); Samsung separately said it will put High-NA into DRAM high-volume manufacturing by 2028, which the companies called an industry first, and Reuters reported September 14 that SK Hynix set the same 2028 DRAM date. On September 17 at SEMICON India 2026, ASML said it will expand India customer-support and supplier work around Tata Electronics' Dholera 300 mm fab, expected operational in 2028, with no India manufacturing plans. ASML also made an uncharacteristic strategic bet in September 2025, investing €1.3B to become the largest shareholder (~11%) of French AI lab Mistral AI. The main headwind is geopolitics: China was 33% of 2025 sales and held at roughly 20% of net sales through Q2 2026 under expanding US and Dutch export controls; a July 27, 2026 report that a state-linked Chinese entity has begun mass-producing a domestic immersion DUV tool (assessed as roughly equivalent to ASML's ~2008-era NXT:1950i, 15-18 years behind ASML's current platform) briefly knocked ASML shares down as much as 8%. Separately, US Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick told senior ASML executives in a series of meetings beginning in April 2026 that Washington believes an EUV system or EUV-specific components may have reached China in breach of export controls - a claim ASML has categorically denied, backing its denial with an accounting of all 314 operational and 26 decommissioned EUV units worldwide by location; no formal enforcement action had been announced as of ASML's July 15, 2026 earnings call, and Dutch DUV-servicing license rules took effect in September 2026.

asml.comUpdated Sep 21, 2026

Analysis · 5 min read · Jul 31, 2026The long view on ASML: strategy, technology and what to watch

02

What's next13

  1. Q4 2026

    imec qualifies the EXE:5200 for sub-2nm

    imec's EXE:5200 - installed since March 2026 in its Leuven cleanroom, one of fewer than a dozen High-NA tools worldwide - continues toward sub-2nm process qualification, still targeted for Q4 2026, de-risking High-NA recipes for the whole industry. Re-verified September 14, 2026: imec has not announced a new qualification date.

  2. Q4 2026

    Reach production-grade High-NA fleet availability

    Bring EXE fleet availability from 84% in July 2026 to the 90% Q4 2026 target that ASML High-NA product chief Greet Storms said customers need for high-volume manufacturing (longer-term goal 93%). Ten systems were running at four customers as of Semicon Taiwan, with three more shipping or installing, and the qualified EXE:5200B had reached 135 wafers per hour in acceptance testing.

  3. Year-end 2026

    Deliver the twice-raised 2026 guidance: €43-45B

    After €9.3B of Q2 net sales beat guidance on July 15, 2026, ASML lifted full-year 2026 sales guidance to €43-45B and gross margin to 54-56%, up from the April range of €36-40B, citing robust logic and memory demand and order momentum extending into 2027-2028. It guided Q3 net sales of €11-12B, with results due October 14, 2026 - the cleanest yearly test of whether AI-driven equipment demand holds. Re-verified September 14, 2026: no guidance change since the Q2 call; Q3 results have not been released.

  4. 2027

    First High-NA production insertion: Intel 14A risk production

    Intel's 14A node is the first process natively built around High-NA EUV, with risk production slated for 2027 and high-volume manufacturing in 2027-2028. Intel already dual-qualified select Panther Lake (18A) layers on High-NA in July 2026 as an interim validation step; ASML plans 80-85 low-NA EUV systems for 2027 alongside the High-NA ramp. Re-verified September 2026: no change to the 14A timing, and Semicon Taiwan comments focused on EXE availability rather than a new Intel insertion date.

  5. 2028-2030

    Convert TSMC, Samsung and SK hynix High-NA commitments into high-volume layers

    TSMC said on September 8, 2026 that it intends to use High-NA EUV in high-volume manufacturing for advanced nodes from 2030, starting on 6-inch masks, and joined ASML in an industry initiative for 12-inch High-NA photomasks (pilot line 2031, production-ready 2033). The same day Samsung said it will put High-NA into DRAM high-volume manufacturing by 2028, an industry first, and joined the 12-inch mask initiative; Reuters reported on September 14 that SK hynix set the same 2028 DRAM date, while Micron has ordered tools without a production date. Intel Foundry and ASML said more than one million wafers have been processed on High-NA tools across certification, R&D and selected Panther Lake (18A) layers. The near-term demand test is whether those dated commitments turn into high-volume layers outside Intel's already-shipping Panther Lake High-NA use and the still-pending Intel 14A insertion. Semicon Taiwan 2026 said 10 EXE systems were already running at four customers, with three more shipping.

Target date passed, awaiting update · 1

  1. Oct 14, 2026

    Report Q3 2026 results and address Korea parts pricing

03

Latest news9

  1. ASML reports Q3 sales of EUR 11.7 billion

    ASML reported third-quarter 2026 total net sales of EUR 11.7 billion and net income of EUR 5.0 billion for the quarter ended September 27, with a 57.5 percent gross margin. CEO Christophe Fouquet said planned 2027 and 2028 supply will not fully meet customer demand and that ASML is looking at 2028 capacity beyond a previously described 30 percent increase. The company guided fourth-quarter sales to EUR 14.2-15.2 billion and narrowed full-year 2026 sales to EUR 44-45 billion, with a gross margin around 56 percent.

    uk.advfn.com ml-eu.globenewswire.com www.cnbc.com

  2. ASML raises Korea lithography parts prices 10%

    The Elec, citing industry sources, reported that ASML will raise prices 10% on all EUV and DUV lithography replacement parts supplied to South Korea, with deliveries from January 2027. Samsung Electronics and SK hynix accepted the increase after ASML's Korean unit notified them in early September. ASML has not confirmed the change; The Elec said new-tool price talks continue and that TSMC has opposed equipment increases.

    www.thelec.net www.sammyfans.com + Samsung Electronics+ SK hynix

  3. Samsung and SK Hynix set 2028 High-NA DRAM dates

    Reuters reported September 14 that Samsung and SK Hynix have both set 2028 dates to begin High-NA EUV DRAM production, while Micron has ordered tools without a production date. TSMC remains committed to High-NA high-volume manufacturing from 2030, and Intel has processed more than one million High-NA wafers across certification, R&D and select Panther Lake layers. ASML CEO Christophe Fouquet said the AI boom is not over and that memory makers are more aggressive on High-NA as low-NA EUV tools are all but sold out through 2027.

    Reuters

  4. TSMC commits to High NA EUV from 2030

    TSMC and ASML said on September 8, 2026 that TSMC intends to use High NA EUV in high-volume manufacturing for advanced nodes starting in 2030, with the number of High NA layers expected to rise as AI transistor architectures get more complex. The companies also launched an industry initiative to move High NA photomasks from today's 6-inch format to 12-inch, targeting a pilot line by 2031 and production-ready systems by 2033. CNBC reported that Samsung separately plans to use High NA for DRAM from 2028, joining Intel, which is already patterning some high-volume layers with the tools.

    ASML CNBC + TSMC

  5. ASML breaks ground on BIC North campus

    ASML began construction on September 8, 2026 of BIC North, a second large production campus on about 35 hectares of undeveloped land near Eindhoven Airport, roughly 7 km from its Veldhoven headquarters. The site is designed to eventually house up to 20,000 workers, with a first phase targeted for 2029 that adds offices, logistics and a Flow Factory cleanroom for faster lithography-tool assembly. ASML said electrical supply for the site has been secured; Prime Minister Rob Jetten and Eindhoven Mayor Jeroen Dijsselbloem were expected at the groundbreaking.

    Reuters

04

Products5

05

Key metrics

Employees
44,500+ FTE (as of Jun 28, 2026)
Est. annual revenue
EUR 11.7 billion
EUV market share
100%

sole producer of EUV lithography machines

Overall lithography market share
~83% of worldwide system sales

sole producer of EUV (100%)

2025 revenue
€32.7B

net income €9.6B; gross margin 52.8%

Q2 2026 revenue
€9.3B

(net income €2.9B; gross margin 54.0%); Q3 guided to €11-12B at 55-57% gross margin, results due October 14, 2026

Order backlog
€38.8B

(end of 2025; record €13.2B Q4 bookings) - ASML stopped disclosing quarterly bookings from Q1 2026 onward, describing order intake only qualitatively as 'very strong'; plans a 30% increase in both 2027 low-NA EUV and DUV immersion capacity to meet it

Market cap
About $684B

NASDAQ close $1,780.34 on Oct. 9, 2026; 384.10M shares outstanding used in the prior metric, vs about $637B at $1,679.92 on Sept. 18

2025 systems delivered
48 EUV + 279 DUV revenue-recognized
High-NA fleet worldwide

10 EXE systems running at 4 customers, plus 3 more shipping or installing (as of Semicon Taiwan 2026); more than 1.35 million wafer exposures by mid-July; July fleet availability 84%, with a 90% Q4 2026 high-volume-manufacturing target

China revenue share
33%

(2025); full-year 2026 guided ~20%, though Q2 2026 system sales to China specifically fell to 14% (down from 19% in Q1 2026 and 36% in Q4 2025)

06

Operations & revenue

Operating status

Public. Q3 2026 net sales EUR 11.7 billion

On 14 Oct 2026 ASML reported Q3 total net sales of EUR 11.7 billion (EUR 11,662 million), net income of EUR 4,960 million, and a 57.5 percent gross margin for the quarter ended 27 Sep 2026. Full-year 2026 guidance is now EUR 44-45 billion with a gross margin around 56 percent, narrowed from EUR 43-45 billion. Q4 guidance is EUR 14.2-15.2 billion. Fouquet said planned 2027 and 2028 supply will not fully meet demand, and ASML bought about EUR 4.1 billion of shares in the quarter. An interim dividend of EUR 1.88 is payable on 4 Nov 2026. The Oct. 11 Korea spare-parts price report remains unconfirmed by ASML.

Revenue streams

  • EUV systems (NXE + EXE)

    0.33 NA and High-NA extreme-ultraviolet scanners - €11.6B in 2025 (+39%, 48 systems), roughly 35% of revenue and growing fastest as every leading-edge logic and DRAM fab expands.

  • DUV systems (TWINSCAN NXT/XT)

    Deep-ultraviolet immersion and dry scanners that pattern the majority of layers on every chip - €12.0B in 2025 (279 systems), with China exposure making this the stream most affected by export controls.

  • Installed Base Management (service & upgrades)

    Service contracts, spares, software, and performance upgrades across the global fleet - €8.2B in 2025 (~25% of revenue), the recurring stabilizer that keeps growing even in downturns (€2.5B in Q1 2026 alone).

  • Metrology & inspection

    YieldStar optical metrology and HMI e-beam inspection systems that close the litho control loop - the remaining ~€1B of 2025 sales.

07

Track record

How past announced dates turned out.

3/4announced dates hit on time

  • 3 Hit
  • 0 Slipped
  • 1 Missed
  1. Missed

    TSMC adopts High-NA EUV at its A14 node

    Target ~2028 · Resolved Apr 23, 2026

    TSMC's April 2026 process roadmap update ruled out High-NA EUV for every node through A16, A14, A13, and A12 (production planned through 2029), with SVP Kevin Zhang citing the tool's cost - the anticipated A14 adoption is no longer expected.

  2. Hit

    2025 total net sales of €30–35B

    Target Year-end 2025 · Resolved Jan 28, 2026

    FY2025 closed at €32.7B (+~16% YoY), inside the €30–35B guidance range given in October 2024, with a record €13.2B in Q4 bookings on top.

  3. Hit

    Ship the first second-generation High-NA (EXE:5200) in 2025

    Target 2025 · Resolved Dec 31, 2025

    The first EXE:5200 shipment was confirmed in July 2025, and the production-grade EXE:5200B shipped and installed at Intel in Q4 2025, with two High-NA systems recognized in Q4 revenue.

  4. Hit

    Ship the first High-NA EUV system by end of 2023

    Target End of 2023 · Resolved Dec 21, 2023

    The first TWINSCAN EXE:5000 shipped to Intel on December 21, 2023, meeting the long-promised 2023 delivery window for the industry's first High-NA system - it arrived in Oregon in 250 crates the following month.

08

Timeline25

  1. 2026

    1. Reports Q3 sales of EUR 11.7 billion

      On 14 Oct 2026 ASML reported third-quarter total net sales of EUR 11.7 billion, or EUR 11,662 million in the results table, a 57.5 percent gross margin, and net income of EUR 4,960 million. Installed Base Management sales were EUR 3,289 million. CEO Christophe Fouquet said planned 2027 and 2028 supply will not fully meet customer demand and that ASML is investigating 2028 capacity beyond the 30 percent increase it had already described. Fourth-quarter sales are guided to EUR 14.2-15.2 billion, and full-year 2026 sales to EUR 44-45 billion. The release does not mention a Korea parts-price increase. Figures are from the GlobeNewswire text republished by Taiwan News; the ASML investor page was access-blocked in this run.

    2. Reported 10% Korea EUV/DUV parts increase

      Industry sources told The Elec on Oct. 11, 2026 that ASML will raise prices 10% on all EUV and DUV lithography replacement parts supplied to South Korea from January 2027 deliveries, and that Samsung Electronics and SK hynix accepted after an early-September notice through ASML's Korean unit. ASML's newsroom still ends at Sept. 8, 2026 and has not confirmed the change. The same report said new-tool price talks continue and that TSMC has opposed equipment increases. Installed-base services, parts and upgrades were EUR 8.193 billion in 2025.

    3. Korea spare-parts prices rise 10% from 2027

      On Oct. 11, 2026 The Elec reported, citing industry sources, that ASML will raise prices 10% on all EUV and DUV lithography replacement parts supplied to South Korea from January 2027 deliveries. Samsung Electronics and SK hynix accepted after an early-September notice through ASML's Korean unit. ASML has not confirmed the change, and new equipment price talks remain open.

    4. Expands India support around Tata's first 300 mm fab

      On September 17, 2026 at SEMICON India, ASML Chief Strategic Sourcing and Procurement Officer Allan Wayne said the company will expand its India customer-support, supplier, and ecosystem footprint around Tata Electronics' planned 300 mm fab in Dholera, Gujarat, expected operational in 2028. He said ASML currently has no manufacturing plans in India and that a local supply chain has to come first. The May 16, 2026 Tata Electronics memorandum of understanding remains the commercial frame.

    5. Samsung commits to High-NA DRAM high-volume manufacturing by 2028

      On September 8, 2026 Samsung Electronics and ASML expanded their partnership: Samsung joined the industry initiative for 12-inch High-NA photomasks and said it plans to introduce High-NA EUV into DRAM high-volume manufacturing by 2028, which the companies called an industry first. Christophe Fouquet called Samsung one of ASML's most important innovation partners. Reuters on September 14 reported that SK Hynix set the same 2028 DRAM date, while Micron ordered tools without a production date.

    6. Samsung and SK Hynix set 2028 High-NA DRAM production

      Reuters reported on September 14, 2026 that Samsung and SK Hynix have both set 2028 dates to begin High-NA EUV DRAM production, while Micron has ordered tools without naming a production date. TSMC remains committed to High-NA high-volume manufacturing from 2030. CEO Christophe Fouquet told Reuters the AI boom is not over and that memory makers are more aggressive on High-NA; CFO Roger Dassen said low-NA EUV tools are all but sold out through 2027.

    7. Intel Foundry and ASML pass one million High-NA wafers

      On September 8, 2026, at SPIE Photomask Technology, Intel Foundry and ASML said more than one million wafers had been processed on High-NA EUV tools across early certification, R&D, and volume production on select Panther Lake (Intel 18A / Core Ultra Series 3) layers. Overlay, throughput and availability were meeting Intel Foundry's expectations. The total is cumulative, not one million fully commercial Panther Lake wafers.

    8. Breaks ground on BIC North production campus

      On September 8, 2026 ASML began construction of BIC North, a second large production campus on about 35 hectares near Eindhoven Airport, roughly 7 km from Veldhoven. The site is designed to eventually house up to 20,000 workers, with a first phase targeted for 2029 adding offices, logistics and a Flow Factory cleanroom for faster lithography-tool assembly. ASML said electrical supply has been secured.

09

Funding

$4.1Bdisclosed across 1 round with a stated amount

  1. Founding joint venture

    1984

    50/50 JV

    Philips and ASM International

  2. IPO (Amsterdam + Nasdaq)

    Mar 1995

    IPO

    Public markets; Philips divested over the following years

  3. Customer co-investment program

    2012

    $4.1B from Intel alone (15% stake)

    Intel, TSMC, Samsung - funding EUV development

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